Insider

Fire hits Brazilian cinematheque warehouse in São Paulo

Fire hits Brazilian cinematheque warehouse in São Paulo
Cinemateca Brasileira’s warehouse. Photo: Still from TV Globo

A fire is currently consuming a 6,500-square meter warehouse in western São Paulo, owned by the Cinemateca Brasileira, the institution responsible for preserving Brazil’s cinema archive. Initial reports suggest that a short-circuit in the air conditioning system may have sparked the blaze.

While the fire brigade reports no victims, the building is home to archives of highly flammable 35 mm and 16 mm film. The building also stores museological objects such as ancient projectors, as well as documents and archives from a government project to take Brazilian-made content to non-commercial venues.

It is the second fire to hit the cinematheque’s warehouse in five years. In 2016, around 500 original works were lost — though curators said at the time that the content had been preserved in backup copies. Last year, the building was flooded after heavy rains, also damaging part of the archive, though the Cinemateca did not reveal exactly what was lost.

In July of last year, state prosecutors in São Paulo filed a lawsuit accusing the federal government of negligence by not renewing the contract of the association which administers the institute. “Since December 31, 2019, the [Bolsonaro] administration has cut the Cinemateca loose, neither directly running it nor funding third parties to do so,” wrote prosecutors.

The lawsuit mentions delays in utility bills and wages, as well as fire hazards.

For many in Brazil, the Cinemateca Brasileira is an eerie reminder of how poorly cultural venues are treated in Brazil. In 2015, the Portuguese Language Museum in São Paulo was destroyed by fire and will only reopen this weekend, six years later. And in 2018, roughly 90 percent of Rio de Janeiro’s National Museum — the oldest in Brazil — was consumed by flames which almost led the building to collapse, which once worked as the residence of Brazil’s old imperial family.

Brazil's solicitor general wants to fight electoral disinformation
Politics

Brazil’s solicitor general wants to fight electoral disinformation

Brazil approaches a new electoral cycle. In October, voters will choose new mayors and city council members for the country’s 5,570 municipalities. However, officials, several parties, and political observers have issued a stark warning: the surge of disinformation, particularly with the rise of artificial intelligence, poses a significant and immediate threat to the integrity of elections and the very fabric of democracy.

Lawmakers, however, seem nonchalant about these worries. Congress remains deadlocked on how to hold digital platforms accountable for the content they host and promote. 

The House seemed poised to vote on the so-called “Fake News Bill” last year. Originally approved in 2020 in the Senate, the bill has stalled in the House due to the efforts of conservative lawmakers and the lobby of tech companies. 

Its latest draft, by left-wing Congressman Orlando Silva, proposed holding platforms responsible for damages caused by third-party content if they are paid to boost the reach of the post in question. But House Speaker Arthur Lira sent the proposal back to square one, upending any regulatory effort.

Meanwhile, electoral courts and the federal government have attempted to fill that void by establishing legal safeguards against the malicious disinformation campaigns flooding public discourse, which erode trust in democracy, polarize voters, and distort perceptions of reality.

However, experts are sounding the alarm that some of the solutions being devised may inadvertently exacerbate the problem — or even spawn new ones.

One such example is the Solicitor General’s Office’s push to actively pursue the removal of content...

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1 week ago • Isabela Cruz
A fistfight nearly broke out during a sitting at the House Ethics Committee. Photo: Lula Marques/EBC
Politics

No fighting: Brazil’s House wants stronger response to brawling members

Brazil’s lower house of Congress last week overwhelmingly approved a resolution granting powers to its leaders to suspend the terms of lawmakers who violate its code of conduct, after a public quarrel came very close to having two members engage in a physical altercation.

On June 5, the two best-voted lawmakers from the southeastern state of Minas Gerais had a spat in the hallways of Congress. 

The House Ethics Committee had just shelved a motion to impeach Congressman André Janones, a close ally of the Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva administration, for strong evidence of his involvement in a so-called “rachadinha” — a scheme by which public officials embezzle taxpayer money by hiring people who agree to kick back a share of their salary. Mr. Janones is separately investigated by federal police in the same case.

The outcome frustrated far-right Congressman Nikolas Ferreira, who attended the public hearing to demand punishment for Mr. Janones — despite not being a member of the Ethics Committee himself.

“The Supreme Court can do whatever it wants, but there is a law that it will never be able to overturn in this country, which is called the law of the harvest, [Mr.] Janones — you reap what you sow,” Mr. Ferreira said.

Gentlemen, you can’t fight in here …

A few minutes after the meeting ended, while still inside the Ethics Committee...

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1 week ago • Cedê Silva
corruption Lt.-Col. Mauro Cid (wearing a polo shirt) has implicated Jair Bolsonaro in multiple criminal cases. Conservatives want the contents of his plea bargain testimony to be annulled. Photo:
Politics

A powerful tool to fight corruption could be made all but extinct

Lawmakers in Brazil’s lower house of Congress on Wednesday fast-tracked a series of bills changing the rules for plea bargains, agreements in criminal cases by which defendants admit to their guilt but offer information or testimony about other criminal activity in exchange for reduced penalties or other legal benefits. Observers and prosecutors believe that, if approved, the proposed changes will weaken Brazil’s ability to fight corruption and organized crime.

At least two of the bills call for a ban on plea agreements when the defendants in question are still in jail, which has often been the case in the major corruption investigations Brazil has seen in recent years. 

Among the most notable examples include Operation Car Wash, a years-long anti-corruption task force that unveiled scandals tarnishing every major political party in the country, and with Lieutenant-Colonel Mauro Cid, the aide-de-camp of former President Jair Bolsonaro, who implicated his former boss in multiple criminal cases — including a plot to stage a coup, a scheme to smuggle jewelry, and forging vaccination records.

One of the bills in question was authored in 2016, at the height of Operation Car Wash, by former Congressman Wadih Damous, a member of the Workers’ Party who now works at the Justice Ministry. Mr. Damous himself questioned the sudden urgency to fast-track his proposal.

“I would really like to ask [House Speaker Arthur Lira] what virtues he sees in this bill today that he did not see almost ten years ago,” Mr. Damous said in a TV interview. “What is the urgency of a bill that has been shelved for almost ten years?”

Mr. Damous presented his bill weeks before then-Senator Delcídio Amaral, who served as a...

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2 weeks ago • Cedê Silva
lula juscelino filho
Politics

Feds recommend indictment of Brazil’s communications minister

The Brazilian Federal Police recommended that prosecutors bring forth charges of corruption, money laundering, and criminal association against Juscelino Filho, the country’s communications minister.

The recommendation was first reported by the newspaper Folha de S.Paulo and confirmed by the Communications Ministry to The Brazilian Report

Mr. Filho is accused of illegally directing money from congressional budgetary earmarks to a city governed by his sister — even using public funds to pave a road that crosses farms belonging to their family, as an early 2023 report revealed. 

His crimes were allegedly committed during Mr. Filho’s stint as a congressman between 2017 and 2022. (He was elected to a third straight term but took a leave of absence to join President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s cabinet.)

“As a congressman, I only suggested parliamentary earmarks to pay for public works. Their bidding, payment, and supervision are the responsibility of the Executive Branch and other competent bodies,” he told The Brazilian Report in a statement.

The scandal revolved around congressional budgetary earmarks, instruments that allow lawmakers to control...

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2 weeks ago • Cedê Silva
No deal between Brazil's government and environmental workers
Politics

No deal between Brazil’s government and environmental workers

After six frustrating months of negotiations, the Brazilian government is halting talks with disgruntled workers of federal environmental agencies. The move could spark a general strike and jeopardize the country’s environmental efforts.

The Brazilian Report obtained a memo in which the Management Ministry informed Ascema, a union of public environmental workers, that it could not meet demands and that its wage increase proposal from February would be its last. “The Management Ministry believes that its proposals meet several demands made by the unions,” the memo states.

Employees of Brazil’s Ibama environmental protection agency, the Environment Ministry, and the Chico Mendes Biodiversity Institute (ICMBio) began holding walkouts and go-slow operations in January, suspending all field operations.

Unions ask for a pay increase of 10.34 percent per year, in three installments, between 2024 and 2026. With the accumulation of interest during this period, the full increase would be around 34.32 percent.

The government’s February counterproposal included a 9 percent wage hike in two installments: the first in May 2025 and the second in May 2026. The Management Ministry also claims to have offered almost double in meal bonuses, a 51 percent increase in health aid, and an increase in daycare allowances for parents.

The employees, however, argue...

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2 weeks ago • André Borges
Brazilian Central Bank suggests rate cuts not in sight
Economy

Brazilian Central Bank suggests rate cuts not in sight

The Central Bank on Tuesday published the minutes of its Monetary Policy Council’s last meeting, after which its members kept the country’s benchmark interest rate unchanged at 10.5 percent, but with a few crucial differences from previous documents. 

In addition to highlighting the still adverse external scenario, especially the heightened and persistent uncertainty about the beginning of the easing cycle in the U.S., the committee stressed the fact that levels of activity and job creation “continue stronger than expected” in such a way that the so-called output gap might be around neutrality, indicating that new cuts are nowhere in sight. 

“The committee believes that the output gap — which was slightly negative in the previously released assessment, but had already been subject of analysis through different methods over the last months — is now around neutrality,” says the document. A neutral or natural interest rate is the real rate, which supports a growing economy while keeping inflation constant.

In this week’s minutes, the committee pondered that there is a domestic and a global debate about the current dynamics of the neutral interest rate and that, given this uncertain scenario, it is not a variable to be updated at a high frequency. 

“In this context, the committee marginally raised the real...

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10 hours ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
energy market
Economy

Market Roundup: David v. Goliath battle in Brazil’s free energy market

David v. Goliath battle in Brazil’s free energy market

As we reported earlier this year, Brazil’s free energy market experienced a significant shakeup in 2024. Nearly 166,000 high- and medium-voltage consumer units now have the freedom to negotiate contracts with electricity suppliers, signaling a dramatic shift in the energy landscape.

State of play. According to the Brazilian Association of Energy Distributors (Abraceel), the free market’s share of the total Brazilian energy distribution market is projected to increase from 37 to 50 percent. This 10-percentage point boost in market share represents an additional BRL 40 billion (USD 7.4 billion) in an industry valued at BRL 160 billion.

Context. Most Brazilian consumers receive their electricity from regional distributors and pay prices negotiated with regulators. Before a 2022 Mines and Energy Ministry ordinance, only large consumer units — industries and large companies using more than 1,000 kW (or 500 kW for incentivized renewables) and with monthly costs exceeding BRL 140,000 — could purchase electricity on Brazil’s free market.

  • Since January, high- and medium-voltage consumers with consumption levels starting at 30 kilowatts (kW) and bills of BRL 8,000 per month or more are also eligible.
  • However, these consumers cannot buy energy directly; they must be represented by energy traders — retail platforms that bridge the gap between customers and energy suppliers.

Why it matters. For consumers, the promise is enticing: cheaper bills (potentially cut by as much as 35 percent) and better service compared to the closed regime. For companies, the sector’s opening means increased competition and expansion opportunities. 

Yes, but … Independent traders sought The Brazilian...

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4 days ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
payments card brazil
Economy

Brazil’s payments market war enters a new phase

The latest Central Bank Banking Report reveals a significant transformation in Brazil’s payments market, which has expanded from just two acquiring competitors in 2010 to 28 players in 2023.

For the first time, the market’s concentration level has been downgraded from high to moderate, a milestone achieved through more than a decade of new regulations. These changes have spurred a Brazilian fintech revolution, making the country a global leader in financial regulation.

In the past decade, Brazilians have witnessed fierce competition among acquirers (payment intermediaries), card networks (such as Visa and Mastercard), issuers (banks), and providers of POS terminals (card machines).

This competitive landscape has driven margins down to the brink of commoditization. The advent of the PIX instant payments system and open finance has accelerated these changes, prompting big banks and fintech companies to devise new strategies to sustain and grow their revenue streams.

In this new phase of the payments war, Brazil’s largest banking conglomerates are integrating their acquirers more closely with other financial products to create a compelling value proposition.

Santander led the way by taking Getnet off the stock market, while Bradesco and Banco do Brasil have increased their stakes in Cielo to over 30 percent each, hinting at similar moves. Independent payments players are also adapting, expanding their portfolios, and seeking new licenses, following the path blazed by digital banks.

The journey to transformation

The opening of Brazil’s acquiring market in 2010 marked the first major step towards today’s diverse payments landscape. At that time, only Visanet and Redecard (now Cielo and Rede, respectively) handled Visa and Mastercard transactions.

A government and Central Bank report highlighted the potential profitability of a more open market, prompting industry...

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5 days ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
Pension system returns to Brazil's national debate
Economy

Pension system returns to Brazil’s national debate

Five years after the landmark reform of the Brazilian pension system, the topic has reemerged as a hot-button issue. This resurgence is driven by a combination of fiscal pressures on the federal government and new demographic data revealing significant shifts in the nation’s population.

Adding fuel to the fire, the Supreme Court this week picked up 13 cases brought forward by employee associations, political parties, and the Federal Prosecution Office, which challenge various aspects of the 2019 pension reform.

Along with two additional actions, these cases pose one of the largest judicial fiscal risks estimated by the federal government. According to the 2025 Budget Guidelines Bill, the potential impact on public coffers could soar to nearly BRL 498 billion (about USD 100 billion).

The Supreme Court justices have already formed a majority to overturn at least three provisions of the reform. However, the last of the 11 justices to vote has paused the trial, requesting more time for analysis.

The majority of justices have ruled unconstitutional an extraordinary contribution from civil servants and retirees intended to cover social security deficits and the nullity of pensions based on length of service for those who did not make the required contributions.

Additionally, a majority determined that an increase granted to female workers in the private sector should also apply to public...

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5 days ago • Isabela Cruz
central bank interest rates inflation
Economy

Interest rates hold steady as Brazil’s Central Bank warns of inflation risks

To no one’s surprise, the Brazilian Central Bank’s Monetary Policy Committee kept its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 10.5 percent, a unanimous decision among its nine members.

In May, the committee was split 5-4 in favor of a slimmer rate cut than in previous meetings, revealing a divide between the five Central Bank board members appointed by former far-right President Jair Bolsonaro, and the four picked by Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva — and adding (even if unintentionally) a political layer to the decision-making process.

“The market was paying close attention to how the committee would vote, hoping to see a united front in the quest to re-anchor long-term inflation expectations,” Gustavo Sung, chief economist at investment firm Suno Research, tells The Brazilian Report.

Today’s policy decision came amid renewed criticism from the government and its allies. 

On the eve of the rate announcement, Lula intensified his scolding of the Central Bank and its chairman, Roberto Campos Neto. In a radio interview, he said there is no reason for borrowing costs to remain so high. 

“Brazil cannot continue with a prohibitive interest rate for investment in the productive sector … Inflation is completely under control … Let’s work based on what’s real [in the present],” Lula stated.

Since Lula took office in January 2023, his supporters have frequently criticized Mr. Campos Neto, accusing him of harboring a hidden political agenda. These attacks became more explicit after the central banker accepted honors from São Paulo Governor Tarcísio de Freitas, an understudy for former President Bolsonaro and a potential challenger for Lula in the 2026 election.

“Who is this guy submitting to? How does he go to a party in São Paulo, as if assuming his desire to land a position in the São Paulo government? Where is his autonomy?” an irate Lula questioned on Tuesday. 

Just hours before...

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6 days ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
Tech Roundup: A fund to foster the Amazon bioeconomy
Tech

Tech Roundup: A fund to foster the Amazon bioeconomy

Welcome to our Tech Roundup, where we bring you the biggest stories in technology and innovation in Brazil and Latin America. This week: A bioeconomy fund to foster tech-based businesses in the Amazon rainforest.

USD 30 million boost for the Amazon’s bioeconomy

The Brazilian asset manager KPTL (pronounced “capital”) has just launched its first international venture capital fund, targeting the bioeconomy across seven Latin American countries that make up the Amazon rainforest: Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Guyana, and Suriname. 

The fund, called Amazonia Regenerate Accelerator and Investment Fund, is a partnership with Kaeté, a private equity firm committed to sustainable investments targeting low-income communities.

Context. The fund emerged from a conversation two years ago between KPTL CEO Renato Ramalho and Kaeté founder Otávio Ottoni. “We realized we could take this off the ground by bringing Kaeté’s regional knowledge and KPTL’s VC expertise,” Mr. Ramalho tells The Brazilian Report.  

Backdrop. Impact investing has long been part of KPTL’s DNA. With more than USD 1 billion under management, KPTL has managed the Environmental Innovation Fund (FIMA), created by Brazil’s National Development Bank (BDNES), since 2013.

  • In 2022, KPTL also partnered with mining company Vale to...
2 days ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
Temu unfazed by Brazil's cross-border sale taxes
Tech

Temu unfazed by Brazil’s cross-border sale taxes

Two weeks ago, Temu, a U.S.-based online marketplace owned by PDD Holdings, also the parent company for the Chinese commerce giant Pinduoduo, made its debut in Brazil. Launching Brazilian Portuguese versions of its website and app, Temu began offering products priced in Brazilian reais and delivered through Correios, Brazil’s postal service. 

Simultaneously, the Brazilian Senate passed a bill slapping a 20 percent tax on low-value international purchases of up to USD 50 — a response fueled by national retailers against the rise of Asian competitors such as AliExpress, Shein, and Shopee in the country. 

Despite this new taxation, Temu remains unfazed. In an email interview with The Brazilian Report, the company stated: “The primary drivers behind our rapid expansion and market acceptance are the supply-chain efficiencies and operational proficiencies we’ve cultivated over the years. We are open to and supportive of any policy adjustments made by legislators that align with consumer interests. We believe that as long as these policies are fair, they won’t influence the outcomes of competitive business dynamics.”

Launched in the U.S. in September 2022, Temu became the most downloaded shopping app in that country the following year. It replicated that success in Europe, topping download charts in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Though rooted in Asia, Temu presents itself as a global platform operating in 70 markets. 

“We have expanded into ten Latin American markets, including Chile and Colombia, with Brazil being the latest,” the company said. Temu’s mission is to “make quality products accessible at affordable prices” by connecting consumers directly with cost-efficient manufacturers. 

Despite being the largest economy in Latin America, Brazil is only the company’s tenth market in the region. “By cutting out unnecessary markups, we make it easier...

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5 days ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
gpt-4 ai lawsuits
Tech

Tech Roundup: Brazil to tackle legal backlog with GPT-4

Welcome to our Tech Roundup, where we bring you the biggest stories in technology and innovation in Brazil and Latin America. This week: Using GPT-4 to manage millions and millions of lawsuits.

The Solicitor General’s Office is using OpenAI’s GPT-4 to handle its massive backlog

In March last year, the Solicitor General’s Office (AGU in the Portuguese acronym), which represents the federal government’s interests in the legal system, became one of the first Brazilian public sector institutions to hire OpenAI’s GPT-4, embedded in Microsoft’s cloud service Azure — already an AGU supplier. 

At the end of 2022, Microsoft and its subsidiaries had contracts with more than 280 public administration bodies.

Context. “We have been using machine learning and other document classification algorithms for more than ten years, but we have been trying to find ways to better structure, semantically classify, and extract insights from the immense volume of legal documents we deal with every day,” Francisco Alexandre Colares, secretary of governance and strategic management at the AGU, tells The Brazilian Report.

  • AGU technicians had been trying to develop a model based on BERT, Google’s AI, but after the OpenAI boom in late 2022, they realized they did not need to build their own model since the technology from Microsoft’s investee covered a large part of their necessities. 
  • “We filled out a form in early 2023, as did other organizations, showing interest in testing the model and were selected soon after,” says Mr. Colares, adding that Amazon’s AWS foundational models were also evaluated.

Super Sapiens. In June last year, the new technology was integrated with Super Sapiens, the AGU’s electronic document manager, and began to be tested in two major areas: 

  • The coordination of small claims courts (infra-legal mediation benches where...

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1 week ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
Tech Roundup: Connecting indigenous peoples to reforestation projects
Tech

Tech Roundup: Connecting indigenous peoples to reforestation projects

Welcome to our Tech Roundup, where we bring you the biggest stories in technology and innovation in Brazil and Latin America. This week: A local indigenous community carrying out a restoration project in the Atlantic Forest biome.

An indigenous community’s hands-on approach to reforestation

In 2022, Lactec, a technology and innovation research institute based in the southern Brazilian state of Paraná, became interested in a public notice from the Brazilian Diversity Fund (Funbio) focused on reforestation projects in the Atlantic Forest biome. During its search for ideal partners and areas, the institute received a tip from energy distributor Copel about the Guairicana National Park, a national environmental reserve also located in Paraná.

Context. Born on an old farm owned by Bamerindus, a bank buried in debts that HSBC partially purchased in the late 1990s, the 49,200-hectare area turned reserve was given to the federal government as payment for back taxes. The restoration project by Lactec and Funbio targeted a 100-hectare area within the park.

Ideal partnership. During his first contact with the area and conversations with residents, Lactec researcher Juliano Santos found the ideal partnership for the project in the local indigenous community, the Tupã Nhé Kretã village. 

  • They participated in all three phases (diagnosis, planting, and monitoring) of the project and were trained not only in forest restoration, seedlings, and planting, but also in using technological devices.

Why it matters. In Brazil, just 24 percent of the Atlantic Forest remains preserved, according to the SOS Mata Atlântica Foundation. The conservation of the remnants and the recovery of their native vegetation are essential to preserving one of the biomes that most contribute to the regulation of the climate and water supply in the country.

  • Most importantly, this project has much more meaning for the local community. 
  • “It was the first time I saw the direct social impact of a reforestation project. In other projects I...
2 weeks ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
brazil work mental health
Tech

Tech Roundup: Moving the needle of in-company mental health

Welcome to our Tech Roundup, where we bring you the biggest stories in technology and innovation in Brazil and Latin America. This week: How technology can help companies cross-reference data and get an accurate picture of their employees’ health

Are Brazilian companies taking care of their employees’ mental health?

Approved by the Senate in February, Law 14,831/2024, which creates the Mental Health Promoting Company Certificate, came into force in April. The idea is that companies will receive certification if they adopt criteria to promote their employees’ mental health and well-being.

What it says. By law, the certificate will be granted by a commission appointed by the federal government, which will be responsible for analyzing the companies’ practices.

  • The initiative is voluntary, meaning interested companies must apply in order to be evaluated and certified.
  • Among the guidelines are implementing programs to promote mental health in the workplace and combating discrimination and harassment in all its forms.
  • The certificate will be valid for two years.
  • An inter-ministerial working group is still to define the specific procedures for granting, reviewing, and renewing the certificate. The group was given 180 days after the law’s enactment, meaning it now has four months to complete the task.
  • The Human Rights and Citizenship Ministry will give final approval for the regulation, which may involve more time for analysis.

Why it matters. The frequency of sick leave due to mental health complaints has increased year after year in Brazil. In 2023, mental health sick leave was granted to more than 288,000 people, according to data from the Social Security Ministry, up 38 percent from the previous year. The highest prevalence was combined depression and anxiety disorder, with temporary or permanent leave granted to more than 28,000 people.

Context....

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3 weeks ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
Yanomami crisis continues under Lula government; Funai seeks help
Society

Yanomami crisis continues under Lula; Funai seeks help

This week, Joenia Wapichana, head of Brazil’s federal indigenous agency Funai, made an urgent plea to House lawmakers for increased funding.

“We’ve gone through a very vulnerable situation,” said Ms. Wapichana, who previously served one term as the first indigenous woman elected to Congress, during a public hearing. “We lacked investments for both human and financial resources. For instance, in 2023, our discretionary budget was only BRL 225 million (USD 41 million) for the entire country.”

Public data shows that Funai spent a total of BRL 577 million last year, with more than half allocated to salaries, benefits, and pensions for both active and retired employees. 

Funai’s largest recent discretionary expense is a BRL 68 million contract with government-owned company Infraero, which manages several airports in the country. This contract is to renovate and improve five airstrips located in the Yanomami indigenous land in northern Brazil. 

Funai’s other main expenses include renting aircraft and...

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4 days ago • Cedê Silva
12 iconic films to celebrate Brazil's National Cinema Day
Society

12 iconic films to celebrate Brazil’s National Cinema Day

June 19 is Brazil’s National Cinema Day, and to truly appreciate the significance of the seventh art in Brazil, we should rewind to the origin of cinema in the country. 

Our story begins in 1898 when Italian film cinematographer Afonso Segreto arrived in Rio de Janeiro aboard a French ship named Brésil. Mr. Segreto filmed Rio’s stunning Guanabara Bay, capturing its picturesque view with ships, fortresses, and the city’s unique nature. This landmark moment marked the birth of Brazilian cinema and earned Mr. Segreto the title of the country’s first cinematographer, a milestone still celebrated today. 

Inspired by his first film, Afonso Segreto later collaborated with his brother Pascoal to create the documentary short “A Praia de Santa Luzia” (Santa Luzia Beach). Pascoal also founded Rio’s first cinema room with regular showings, the Salão de Novidades Paris. 

Since these pioneering days, Brazilian cinema has evolved, producing award-winning films that captivate audiences worldwide. And in honor of National Cinema Day, The Brazilian Report has curated a list of 12 Brazilian movies you need to watch — if you haven’t already. So, grab your popcorn and dive into the richness of Brazilian cinema. 

O Cangaceiro (1953)

Directed by Lima Barreto, “O Cangaceiro was the first Brazilian film to win an international award, grabbing Best Adventure Film at the Cannes Film Festival....

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6 days ago • Alexia Massoud
Society

Prison furlough: Brazil debates how to rehabilitate prisoners

After a struggle between Brazil’s Congress and the federal government over prison furlough — the mechanism by which prison inmates are given temporary release to visit their families — the matter has reached the Supreme Court. The issue pits most Brazilians against the government — which is in favor of furlough, in line with several organizations active in the prison system.

On Wednesday, the Brazilian Bar Association filed a lawsuit questioning the constitutionality of a new law extinguishing prison furlough, restricting the chances of inmates gaining temporary release while serving their sentence. Another legal action on the topic had already been brought before the court by the National Criminal Law Association (Anacrim).

In practice, according to several public defender offices and private legal entities, the restriction approved by Congress extinguishes Brazil’s so-called “semi-open regime” for serving prison sentences.

Brazil adopts a progressive system for carrying out criminal convictions, inspired by the Irish model. The idea is that inmates can progress from closed prison facilities into what is called a semi-open regime — by which inmates can leave prison to work during the day — and then to an open regime, allowing the prisoner to gradually reintegrate into society. Inmates can work outside of prison while incarcerated in closed facilities, but only on public construction works.

A prisoner sentenced to a “closed” prison regime can, under certain conditions, transition to a semi-open one after serving one-sixth of their sentence,...

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3 weeks ago • Isabela Cruz
The World Cup is coming back to Brazil, which has new political goals for it
Society

The World Cup is coming back to Brazil, which has new political goals for it

Ten years after hosting the men’s football World Cup in 2014, Brazil was chosen on May 17 to hold the women’s World Cup in 2027, the first time the tournament will travel to South America. With a campaign entitled “It’s All Ready,” the Brazilian candidacy highlighted that the country already has all the infrastructure it needs to host the tournament. 

This is a reference to the works done in preparation for the 2014 World Cup, which also began to be organized during one of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s terms as Brazilian president. Indeed, Brazil’s women’s football championship, created in 2017, is itself part of the 2014 World Cup legacy program. 

Brazil’s experience with major sporting events also includes the Pan-American Games in 2007, the Olympic Games in 2016, and the Copa America in 2019 and 2021.

The 2027 tournament, however, will be a different prospect. “Unlike the 2014 World Cup, the women’s World Cup in 2027 offers a unique opportunity to promote gender equality in sport,” says Julia Costa, director of women’s football promotion within the Sports Ministry, speaking to The Brazilian Report

The volume of expenses and revenue is dwarfed in comparison to the men’s tournament, which is the most-watched sporting competition in the world. 

Forecasts from the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) have investments in temporary structures costing USD 13 million in total — less than 10 percent of what was spent for 2014, and public money will not be necessary. Not surprisingly, such estimates are often surpassed when all is...

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1 month ago • Isabela Cruz
drug Cocaine seizures made by federal police forces jumped by 777 percent over the past few years. Photo: Felipe Werneck/Ibama
Society

Drug gangs are active in one-quarter of Brazil’s Amazon

Drug trafficking is a growing scourge in the Brazilian Amazon. A November study by the Brazilian Forum on Public Safety, a think tank, points out that at least 22 criminal groups operate in the rainforest — present in roughly one-quarter of municipalities.

“Brazil risks losing sovereignty over the Amazon not to another country, but to organized crime,” Supreme Court Chief Justice Luís Roberto Barroso told reporters on the sidelines of this year’s edition of the World Economic Forum. The problem has reached such levels that, in 2015, police in the state of Pará apprehended a 17-meter submarine believed to have been used by gangs to transport drugs.

Data shows that, between 2019 and 2022, cocaine seizures made by federal and state police forces jumped by 277 percent to more than 81 tons. Cannabis seizures, meanwhile, were up by 123 percent to 61.3 tons.

And this is not just a security problem. Gang activity is boosting Amazon deforestation, as well. 

“There is growing evidence, for example, of drug traffickers financing and providing logistical support for illegal gold mining operations across the region,” the United Nations Office on Crime and Drugs wrote a year ago. 

The issue was tackled by a House public hearing on Wednesday. Lawmakers discussed the growing power of organized crime gangs in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest, including the dispute between Brazil’s two major crime organizations for territorial control in the region.

Marcos Alan Ferreira, a professor at the Federal University of Paraíba, described to lawmakers the...

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1 month ago • Cedê Silva
Humpback whales make a majestic comeback on Brazil's shores
Environment

Humpback whales make a majestic comeback on Brazil’s shores

It’s a sight few would forget in a hurry: a humpback whale’s tail flicking above the water against the stunning backdrop of Rio de Janeiro’s iconic skyline. 

“We’ve just encountered a mother and her calf. They’re surfacing to breathe, showing their dorsal fins. Now, we’re going to see the tail,” explains marine biologist Bruna Rezende, as her fellow boat passengers whoop and clap with delight at the sighting. 

For many, seeing whales is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Yet, even seasoned researchers such as Ms. Rezende never lose their awe at the sight of these colossal creatures, which can grow up to 16 meters long.

This unforgettable encounter is becoming increasingly common off the Rio coast during migration season, which runs from June to September. For the first time this year, both tourists and locals can join whale-watching tours in the area.  

This new venture is a result of the successful recovery of Brazil’s humpback whale population. Conservationists hope these tours will further protect these majestic mammals, often referred to as “sentinels of the sea” for their role in indicating the health of marine ecosystems. 

A conservation success story

Conservationists believe that marine observation can raise awareness and help protect whales and other marine life. Photo: Bruna Rezende/Amigos da Baleia Jubarte
Conservationists believe that marine observation can raise awareness and help protect whales and other marine life. Photo: Bruna Rezende/Amigos da Baleia Jubarte

Like much of the world, Brazil’s humpback whale population — which migrates from Antarctica to reproduce — was nearly driven to extinction by hunting. When the international whaling moratorium was adopted in 1986, it was estimated that only about 500 humpbacks remained in the Brazilian population.

Nearly four decades...

3 days ago • Constance Malleret
Guaraná producers unloading a boat on a dried out Amazon river. Photo:
Environment

Brazil’s Amazon could be in for severe drought double-header

Last year, a severe drought hit many of the main rivers in the Amazon basin, putting almost every municipality in the northern Brazilian state of Amazonas state on red alert. As rivers dried up, crucial supplies couldn’t make it to further-flung parts of the state, nor could floating health centers, banks, and other essential services.

In many parts of the Amazon, 2023 was the most intense drought in history. And, according to forecasts from the Amazonas State Civil Defense force, this year’s drought is gearing up to be even worse.

At crucial parts of the Amazon River, where low water levels led to catastrophe in 2023, the river is currently significantly lower than it was this time last year. At the fluviometric station of Itacoatiara, downstream from the state capital Manaus, the river is almost a full meter and a half lower than it was at this time in 2023. 

In October last year, the station measured an all-time low reading of just 36 centimeters. Indeed, in the last 20 years, water levels at the station have only ever been this low in mid-June once: in 2016.

Drought in itself is an annual occurrence in the Amazon, where the season’s operate in accordance with rainfall and river levels. In general terms, rivers in the Amazon basin are at their fullest in May and June, and are emptiest around October. Of course, this varies depending on which part of the Amazon you are talking about, as the state of Amazonas alone spreads over an area the size of France, Spain, and Sweden combined.

As such, drought is a natural feature of life in the region, but extreme droughts are rare — or, at least, they used to be.

A recurring nightmare?

In the small Amazonian city of Benjamin Constant, tucked away in the western reaches of Brazil on the country’s triple border with Colombia and Peru,...

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2 weeks ago • Euan Marshall
China can put pressure on Brazil's lax Cerrado protections
Environment

China can put pressure on Brazil’s lax Cerrado protections

A delegation from the Brazilian government, led by Vice President Geraldo Alckmin, was in China this week to take part in Cosban, a high-level bilateral commission, with a view to strengthening trade relations with the Chinese. The two countries made use of the occasion to celebrate the 50th anniversary of their bilateral diplomatic relations.

Internally, however, agricultural exports from Brazil to China are at the center of a major Brazilian problem, which has made the news over the past year: the deforestation crisis in the Cerrado tropical savanna, particularly in the so-called Matopiba region, which represents the intersection between the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia. 

Engulfed by export agribusiness, the Cerrado is Brazil’s second-largest biome and the most biodiverse savanna in the world. Considered Brazil’s water tank, it is also home to the springs of the three largest river basins in South America.

As The Brazilian Report has shown, a report published by MapBiomas at the end of May indicated that the Cerrado surpassed the Amazon and became the most deforested biome in the country in 2023. The region of Matopiba alone accounted for 47 percent of all deforestation recorded in Brazil.

And China has consolidated itself as a central actor in this process, amid tighter environmental requirements imposed by the European Union. In 2023, sales to the Asian country were record-breaking, exceeding USD 60 billion — more than 36 percent of the total exported by Brazilian agribusiness.

Among the ten main products exported by Brazil, the Chinese market was the leading destination for the country’s soybeans, corn, sugar, beef, poultry, cellulose, cotton, and fresh pork.

In Matopiba specifically, China consolidated itself as the main buyer of soybeans, corn, and cotton, during a period in which the region became Brazil’s new agricultural frontier — and also what experts call a “sacrificial biome.” 

Deforestation in Matopiba has more than tripled since 2019, reaching 859,000 hectares in 2024 — around five times the size of...

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2 weeks ago • Isabela Cruz
donations rio grande do sul disaster
Environment

Brazilian insurers propose mandatory natural disaster coverage

Since last year, that is, before the climate tragedy in the South, the Brazilian Insurance Confederation (CNSeg) has been talking to the federal government and some members of Congress about a proposal to introduce a mandatory natural disaster coverage in the country. The idea would require a contribution of up to BRL 3 (just over 50 U.S. cents) from the more than 61 million Brazilians who pay electricity bills. 

The entity estimates that this would be enough to create a fund that could pay immediate aid of BRL 15,000 (USD 2,840) to people impacted by climate events, in addition to a compensation of BRL 5,000 for each dead relative. It would be a complementary aid to that of local and federal governments. However, convincing lawmakers to support a proposal that would make the population of one of the countries with the highest tax burden in the world pay another mandatory fee is quite a challenge.

“The proposal has a mutualist basis. The only Brazilians who would not pay would be those already exempt from the electricity bill, who are beneficiaries of welfare programs such as Bolsa Família. […] Faced with a disaster like the one occurring now in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, we need a broad financial base [to which to resort],” Esteves Colnago, director of institutional relations at CNSeg, tells The Brazilian Report. There are around 17 million households currently exempt from electricity bills in Brazil, in which monthly family income does not exceed half the minimum wage per person.

He says that the proposal would be enough to collect nearly BRL 2.2 billion in annual resources, more than twice the usual budget of the federal government for civil defense. If on the one hand, instituting something like this through the electricity bill would be a more agile way of doing it, on the other, it is also controversial, given that 38.6 percent of Brazilians’ electricity...

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3 weeks ago • Fabiane Ziolla Menezes
Grain ports double amid Amazon's soy expansion
Environment

Grain ports double amid Amazon’s soy expansion

In 2022, the Institute of Socioeconomic Studies (Inesc), an NGO, released a three-part animated web series entitled “Tapajós, a brief history of the transformation of a river,” denouncing how the expansion of grain farming has drastically changed the landscape of the Tapajós region of Brazil’s Amazon.

Located in the south of the northern Brazilian state of Pará, the area — named after the grand Tapajós River, one of the main tributaries to the Amazon River — has become a crucial part of the country’s expanding agricultural frontier. 

The award-winning animated series includes narration from three residents of the small town of Mirituba, on the banks of the Tapajós, and tells the story of how the region has endured a commercial transition that threatens traditional ways of life in what was once an isolated part of the Amazon.

Now, in 2024, a study by human rights organization Terra de Direitos has been able to chart just how much the region has changed with the influx of soy and corn plantations, and the transport infrastructure that goes along with them. Between 2013 and 2023, the number of ports on the Tapajós River — either in operation, under construction, or planned — has more than doubled, with a total of 41 now dotted across the river, from the municipalities of Itaituba to Santarém.

The focus of grain producers on the Tapajós region of Pará is part of a long-term agribusiness project that seeks to increase the volume and profitability of Brazil’s grain exports. Traditionally, the huge amounts of soy planted in the states of Mato Grosso, Goiás, and Mato Grosso...

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3 weeks ago • Euan Marshall and André Chiavassa
In Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega is going after his own brother
Latin America

In Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega is going after his own brother

Since President Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua violently responded to civil protests in 2018 with brutality — leaving over 300 civilians dead — his increasingly repressive administration has collected a long list of enemies. 

One of the first groups to pay the bill was the country’s fragmented opposition, whose political rights have been reduced year after year ever since, to the point that a dozen adversaries of Mr. Ortega were banned from running in the 2021 presidential election, allowing the far-left ruler to be elected for a fourth consecutive term despite widespread complaints about the persecution.  

Over time, President Ortega’s scythe reached more targets, including NGOs, human rights groups, press organizations, musicians, writers, priests, universities, and even former colleagues from the 1979 Sandinista Revolution. All of them were accused of taking part in a plot led by imperialist forces to overthrow the government. 

Last year, the government forced over 200 political prisoners onto a plane and sent them to exile in the U.S.  

With the entire country under his thumb and virtually no adversaries with enough power to effectively question his authority, President Ortega is going one step further, targeting his own brother, retired Army General Humberto Ortega.

Last May, the 77-year-old Gen. Ortega was mysteriously put under the guard of a state-controlled “Specialized Medical Assistance Unit,” reportedly responsible for monitoring his health status. The unit was allowed free access to his house, using Gen. Ortega’s chronic heart problems as the perfect excuse. 

This suspicious health task force came to the fore only a few days after policemen...

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12 hours ago • Lucas Berti
Oil, sanctions, blackouts: Venezuela energy transition is complex
Latin America

Oil, sanctions, blackouts: Venezuela’s energy transition is complex

During the 2010s, Venezuela took what might appear to be a giant leap towards decarbonization. The Caribbean country’s carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels and industry were cut by a third, falling from over 198 million tons per year in 2013, to just under 62 million tons in 2020, according to data from the Global Carbon Budget report.

However, this huge decline is not a sign of a government-driven clean energy push.

“There was a decrease in greenhouse gases, but it was not related to public policy, but to a drop in oil production — much exacerbated by the introduction of sanctions from the United States in 2019,” explains Christi Rangel Guerrero, an economist and researcher for the anti-corruption NGO Transparency Venezuela.

Some of these sanctions apply to PDVSA, the Venezuelan state-owned oil company. These restrictions prohibit it from exporting crude oil to the U.S. and from buying supplies from U.S. companies to support gasoline production. Issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, the sanctions caused Venezuelan oil production — which was already struggling due to falling investment and losses of skilled personnel — to plummet.

According to data compiled by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Venezuela’s daily oil output fell from approximately 2.32 million barrels in December 2013 to 786,000 barrels in December 2023. This, as Rangel highlights, is the main reason for Venezuela’s falling carbon emissions.

However, Venezuela’s dependence on oil does not seem to be waning: President Nicolás Maduro’s administration is searching for new oil partnerships abroad; three-year-old climate change bills are crawling through parliament; meanwhile, businesses and individuals are turning to fossil-fuelled generators for their electricity.

The first challenge: Thermoelectric plants

Rangel lives in Mérida. Situated in the west of Venezuela, in the Andean region, the city is known for its mountain scenery — and, by many, for its constant power failures. Merideños can face daily power cuts that range from four to 12 hours, owing to a lack of investment in power infrastructure and a sector undermined by widespread corruption, beset by opaque bidding processes and billions lost in irregular payments.

As Venezuela’s oil production has fallen, so too has state investment to maintain its electricity service. Power cuts have been occurring in Mérida for more than a decade.

To overcome the often daily outages, companies, businesses, and even households have resorted to buying thermoelectric generators that run on fossil fuels — a practice also common in other Andean states such...

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1 day ago • Margaret López
mexico sheinbaum
Latin America

Will Sheinbaum undo Mexico’s energy liberalization?

That Claudia Sheinbaum from the incumbent Morena party clinched the recent Mexican presidential elections came as no surprise.

But the fact that Ms. Sheinbaum won with nearly 60 percent of the national vote in a landslide election, bringing the coalition to the brink of a supermajority in both chambers of Congress, did catch observers off guard.

This has sparked concerns that such an overwhelming mandate could pave the way for the president-elect to further Andrés Manuel “AMLO” López Obrador’s legacy and implement major constitutional changes.

Among those fearing changes are those invested in Mexico’s energy sector — an industry that the highly-popular AMLO persistently aimed to overhaul, pushing for greater participation of state-owned companies. His proposals would overturn a 2013 pro-market reform which opened oil and electricity up to the private sector, in a move that drew AMLO’s criticism from day one. 

During his six years in office, AMLO’s attempts at energy reform were thwarted time and again by both the Mexican Congress and the country’s judicial system.

The former struck down a 2021 constitutional reform proposal that prioritized state-controlled generators in energy markets, while a Supreme Court ruling earlier this year also deemed a similar bill unconstitutional, pointing to favoritism toward public companies such as hydrocarbon giant Pemex and the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE).

As AMLO’s protégé, President-elect Sheinbaum now stands poised to fulfill her mentor’s ambitions, empowered by a congressional coalition whose power has rarely been seen in modern Mexican politics.

The alliance...

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5 days ago • David Feliba
Argentina Senate passed a sprawling bill on Wednesday that is key to libertarian President Javier Milei
Latin America

Milei wins a battle, but is far from winning the war

After six months of negotiations, a discarded first draft, and several concessions to the opposition, President Javier Milei of Argentina secured his first congressional victory yesterday, when the Senate narrowly passed his so-called “omnibus bill,” liberalizing multiple aspects of the national economy.

The bill needed the tie-breaking vote of the vice president and head of the Senate, Victoria Villarruel, after a 36-36 draw in the Senate. Mr. Milei even postponed a trip to the G7 meeting in Italy to make sure Ms. Villarruel remained in the Senate in order to tip the scales in his favor.

A slightly different version of the bill had already been approved by Argentina’s lower house earlier this year, meaning that the text will have to return there to decide which version of the bill is finally turned into law. 

The vote took place in a tense atmosphere, as protests outside of Congress ended with torched cars and multiple arrests, in what some claim was staged violence to paint critics of the government as savage agitators.

Journalist Orlando Morales, from the right-wing Cadena 3 news radio, said the group of masked men who torched his car looked like “infiltrators.”

“We want to congratulate our security forces for their excellent work against terrorist groups carrying sticks, stones, and even grenades, who tried to perpetrate a coup d’etat blocking the normal functioning of Argentina’s Congress,” one of many over-the-top government press releases said.

What Milei’s “omnibus bill” includes

The bill starts by bestowing the president with emergency powers in “administrative, economic, financial, and energy matters” for the next 12 months, giving him scope to...

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2 weeks ago • Ignacio Portes
air travel Cartagena airport, in Colombia. Photo: Luz Zuluaga/Shutterstock
Latin America

Colombia and Brazil soar above in Latin American air travel resurgence

Air travel is back with a roar in Latin America and the Caribbean. Passenger traffic from and to the region posted a 7.4 percent annual increase in April 2024 — totaling almost 39 million travelers.

The good regional results show that a recent upward trend still has momentum. 

European planemaker Airbus expects the Latin American air travel fleet to nearly double by 2042, driven by “an average annual real GDP growth of 2.5 percent, an expanding middle class expected to make up two-thirds of the total population, and urbanization projected to reach 86 percent (making it the second most urbanized region after North America).”

Brazil and Colombia were responsible for 40 percent of the total increase in the number of passengers in April, considering both domestic and international flights, according to a new report by the Latin American and Caribbean Air Transport Association (ALTA). 

Colombia alone accounted for 61 percent of the growth in domestic flights in the region, which increased by around 5 percent compared to April 2023.

With 271,000 additional passengers on these routes, Colombia was the country that recorded the most significant increase in domestic travelers in absolute terms. The route between Bogotá (BOG) and San Andrés (ADZ) stood out with a rise of 66 percent, registering...

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2 weeks ago • Isabela Cruz
AI artificial intelligence senate
Opinion

The race for AI regulation in Brazil

Considering the global advances (and practical concerns) of artificial intelligence systems globally and the evolution of the topic in Europe, with the approval of the European Union’s AI Act in May, discussions on the need to regulate the use and development of the technology have exponentially increased worldwide — and this was not different in Brazil.

In the past year, Brazil’s discussions on AI regulation have really taken off. As we have discussed in past articles, the country initially developed broad, principle-based guidelines such as the Brazilian AI Strategy, and proposed legislative frameworks, such as Bill 21/2020, which swiftly passed the House in 2021 and moved to the Senate.

But the game-changer came in May 2023, with the presentation of Bill 2,338/2023, a comprehensive regulatory proposal based on a draft developed by a Senate commission. The bill outlines robust...

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13 hours ago • Marcela Mattiuzzo and Isabella Aragão
Lula needs to pay more attention to domestic policies
Opinion

Lula needs to pay more attention to domestic policies

Last week, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva attended the G7 Summit in Italy as one of several leaders invited for so-called outreach meetings. 

The heads of Algeria, Argentina, India, Jordan, Kenya, Mauritania, Tunisia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates were also present. 

Hosted by Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, the annual meeting of the world’s wealthiest and most consolidated democracies saw an expanded list of invitees beyond the traditional G7 members, reflecting a desire to broaden the summit’s engagement with global leaders. 

Perhaps inspired by the gathering, Lula has made a point of stressing that Brazil’s economy could once again be in the top six worldwide by the end of his term. It is currently expected to be the eighth-largest economy in the world this year.  

Lula participated actively in discussions on various critical issues. He emphasized the importance of addressing challenges such as climate change, economic security, global governance, sustainable development, and artificial intelligence.​ Unlike his predecessor, who never seemed comfortable in large international forums, Lula thrives in such settings. 

This was his eighth G7 summit, and he relished Brazil’s renewed global relevance. “It seems to me that in this first quarter of the 21st century, people are realizing that the way things were organized after World War II has stopped working, including...

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7 days ago • Andre Pagliarini
House Speaker Arthur Lira
Opinion

Brazil’s speaker disregards House rules in a dangerous way

Last week, Brazil’s House approved a motion to fast-track a bill that equates the penalty for abortion after 22 weeks of pregnancy to the crime of simple homicide, even in cases where the procedure is permitted by Brazilian law (that is, rape, risk to the woman’s life, and fetal anencephaly). Initially proposed by evangelical legislator Sostenes Cavalcante, the bill was co-signed by 33 congress members — more than half belonging to Jair Bolsonaro’s Liberal Party. 

The approval of the urgency motion itself was contentious. Per House rules, these requests must be approved by a simple majority on the floor. But House Speaker Arthur Lira imposed a symbolic vote, in which there is no roll-call, and did not announce which request was about to be voted on. 

Newspaper Folha de S. Paulo reported that “after Mr. Lira announced the motion’s approval, not even Congress members themselves had understood if the motion had been voted on or not.” 

This move represents the most blatant violation of House internal rules by Mr. Lira during his four-year speakership — a period that was already marked by consecutive and serious rules violations. 

House internal rules and urgency motions

The website of Brazil’s lower house makes the chamber’s internal rules available for download. 

These rules determine the procedures that guide both the legislative process and the functioning of the House. For example, according to articles 153...

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1 week ago • Beatriz Rey
presidents blocking regional cooperation latin america
Opinion

The big personalities blocking regional cooperation in Latin America

The last few months have been busy for diplomacy in Latin America.

On April 5, local police stormed the Mexican embassy in Quito and arrested former Ecuadorian Vice President Jorge Glas — in what was widely perceived as a violation of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.

The move was condemned around the region and the world, and led to both the severing of diplomatic relations and to Mexico filing a case against Ecuador in the International Court of Justice. Last month saw both the first day of the Hague-based court’s hearing, as well as the filing of a counterclaim by Ecuador.

Mexico has even requested Ecuador’s temporary expulsion from the United Nations. A few days later, Ecuadorian President Daniel Noboa commented that he’d invite his Mexican counterpart, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador, to eat ceviche and tacos and talk when he was ready. Mr. López Obrador, commonly known as AMLO, bristled at the suggestion and reiterated that the diplomatic crisis was not a frivolity.

However, amidst all the drama, it is worth noting that bilateral tensions did not begin with the early-April raid. A day prior, for example, Ecuador declared Mexico’s ambassador in the country persona non grata and demanded their departure in response to comments made by AMLO in which he had questioned the impact of the murder of a leading Ecuadorian presidential candidate on...

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2 weeks ago • Gabriel Cohen