Immediately after losing the tightest presidential runoff election in Brazilian democratic times, center-right candidate Aécio Neves called for a recount. In the weeks leading up to Election Day, Mr. Neves had climbed in the polls and reached a statistical tie with incumbent Dilma Rousseff. His momentum was not enough to unseat her, however, and he lost by just 3 percentage points.
Though the recount confirmed Ms. Rousseff’s victory, Mr. Neves remained restless. He asked electoral courts to examine the “integrity” of the vote and requested an audit of electronic voting machines, suggesting the count had been defrauded. In...