How Brazilian cities are boosting sustainable agriculture

</p> <p>Some of these examples came in São Paulo, the 12-million population megacity dotted with skyscrapers and little obvious green space. At first glance, it is the last place in Brazil you&#8217;d expect agriculture to be present. However, <a href="https://ligueospontos.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/projeto/">28 percent of the city’s total area is actually considered rural</a>, due to the expansive and sparse districts of Parelheiros and Marsilac to the south of the city.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignleft"><img src="https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-16-at-11.36.48-210x300.png" alt="são paulo rural areas" class="wp-image-22323" srcset="https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-16-at-11.36.48-210x300.png 210w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-16-at-11.36.48-768x1098.png 768w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-16-at-11.36.48-716x1024.png 716w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-16-at-11.36.48-610x872.png 610w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Screen-Shot-2019-08-16-at-11.36.48.png 1228w" sizes="(max-width: 210px) 100vw, 210px" /><figcaption>Source: Ligue os pontos</figcaption></figure></div> <p>Situated about 50 km from the center of the city, Paralheiros and Marsilac are home to one of the largest urban forests in the world and some rural properties. <a href="https://brazilian.report/money/2018/08/13/agriculture-brazil-matopiba-vegetation/">Maintaining the vegetation in the area</a> is important not only to produce food, but to preserve the water sources of nearby reservoirs which serve 5.6 million people in São Paulo, as well as regulating temperatures. That’s when São Paulo’s local government realized that keeping the farmers there was the best way to avoid real estate speculation and a disorganized urbanization process. </p> <p>In this context, the mayor&#8217;s office developed the <em>“</em><a href="https://ligueospontos.prefeitura.sp.gov.br/"><em>Ligue os Pontos</em></a><em>”</em> (Connect the Dots) project, which received the Mayors Challenge award in 2016, granted by Bloomberg Philanthropies. The initiative teaches modern planting techniques to producers living in Parelheiros, so they can farm in a more sustainable, organic way, as well as increasing their production.&nbsp;</p> <p>The potential is huge. According to data provided by the city government, about 420 km² may be farmed in São Paulo’s rural areas. Their product has a large market in waiting, as 70 percent of the food consumed in Brazil comes from small, family properties.  </p> <h2>Agriculture to change lives</h2> <p>Another initiative using agriculture to transform Brazilian society is the NGO <a href="https://cidadessemfome.org/pt-br/">Cidades Sem Fome</a> (CSF), founded in 2004 by business manager Hans Dieter Temp. Raised in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, a state with deep agricultural roots, he went to Germany to study. There, he was impressed by the country’s tradition of using public spaces for farming or gardening, initiatives carried on by the population itself. Years later, coming to São Paulo, he decided to use vacant spaces in São Mateus, one of the poorest neighborhoods in the eastern portion of the city, as a way to produce food and income for people.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TBR-photo.png" alt="sao paulo sustainable agriculture" class="wp-image-22327" srcset="https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TBR-photo.png 810w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TBR-photo-300x167.png 300w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TBR-photo-768x427.png 768w, https://brazilian.report/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/TBR-photo-610x339.png 610w" sizes="(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px" /><figcaption>Agriculture within city limits</figcaption></figure> <p>Starting in areas such as power distribution stations, CSF already manages 27 urban vegetable gardens, as well as 38 vegetable gardens in public schools. A team of 12 people, including technicians and volunteers, teaches the community members, who farm the land and enjoy the results, consuming the organically-produced vegetables and selling the excess for extra income.</p> <p>Mr. Temp, who now oversees CSF full-time, explains that the idea is to empower people so they can eat better or eventually manage their finances without help.</p> <p>“We look for resources to promote and hatch new projects. The idea is that they can become financially stable with the project. We had the case of a man who used to work in stores, was fired by the age of 50 and then became depressed. He came to us saying he did not have the money to pay his bus fare. But he was an amazing salesman, so all we had to do was teach him how to farm. Now he earns more than BRL 2,000 selling vegetables,” Mr. Temp told <strong>The Brazilian Report.</strong></p> <p>Currently, 150 urban workers live exclusively on the income they obtain from selling vegetables. According to CSF, more than 800 people have food gardens, while more than 1,000 people have enrolled in the teaching course provided by CSF.</p> <h2>Expanding good ideas</h2> <p>CSF worked so well in the city that it spread to the countryside. The NGO has been working with farmers in the city of Agudo, Rio Grande do Sul. There, the challenge is to teach farmers how to make the most out of their properties, instead of relying on a single commodity.</p> <p>“They produce only tobacco or rice, so they have a single income for the entire year. Then they borrow money with high interest. When the next harvest comes, they will get their produce and sell it to pay the bank. It becomes a snowball effect. The idea is that they can continue with their monoculture, but also have other businesses, such as breeding pigs, fish, chicken and planting greens.”</p> <p>As part of their effort to diversify production, they managed to find an off-season source of income for farmers. Rio Grande do Sul is a large consumer of cassava, but the root cannot remain in the fields during winter, so they must harvest everything before May. Therefore, CSF has helped local farmers build cold storage chambers. The entire cassava crop is harvested before May and stored during winter, to be sold from September onward. “This is generating huge impacts on income. </p> <p>Because after the winter there’s no more supply. This year alone we stored 106,000 kilos of cassava,” says Mr. Temp, adding that the cassava is then sold to local restaurants and hotels.